Green Mountain Peaks

Discover Vermont, One Story at a Time 🏔️

Local culture, season adventures, small towns,
and the honest side of life in the Green Mountains

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  • Vermont Covered Bridge Road Trip: How to Visit Our Covered Bridges in a Weekend

    Vermont Covered Bridge Road Trip: How to Visit Our Covered Bridges in a Weekend

    Vermont is home to more than 100 covered bridges, each with its own story and charm. Some are tucked away on quiet dirt roads while others stand proudly in the center of small towns. They are a signature part of the landscape and a favorite for photographers, history buffs, and anyone who loves a scenic drive.

    The Covered Bridge Passport Challenge is a fun way to explore Vermont, whether you have lived here for years or are visiting for a short getaway. The idea is simple: spend a weekend visiting as many covered bridges as you can, making memories and collecting photos along the way. You can turn it into a competitive race or a relaxed sightseeing trip with plenty of stops for coffee and local treats. Either way, you will end the weekend with stories to tell and a camera roll full of beauty.

    What is the Covered Bridge Passport Challenge?

    The challenge is exactly what it sounds like: see how many covered bridges you can find in a set amount of time. For most travelers, that time frame is a weekend, though some take an extra day or two to make it a longer road trip. You can choose a small region to focus on or try to cover as much of the state as possible.

    There is no official scoring system, but many participants create a personal “passport” to mark each bridge they visit. This can be a notebook, a printed list to check off, or a photo album on your phone. Some even design their own stamps or stickers to commemorate each stop.

    The challenge is as much about the journey as it is about the count. You will pass through charming towns, see sweeping views of mountains and rivers, and discover small roadside attractions you might otherwise miss.

    Planning Your Vermont Covered Bridge Weekend

    A little planning goes a long way for the Covered Bridge Passport Challenge. Here are the main steps to set yourself up for a successful weekend.

    Choose Your Region

    While you could attempt to drive the length of Vermont in two days, most people have a more enjoyable experience by focusing on a smaller area. This allows you to spend more time enjoying each bridge instead of rushing from place to place.

    Red Covered Bridge | Morrisville, Vermont. The last covered bridge built in Vermont in the 19th century
    • Northern Vermont – Lamoille, Orleans, and Caledonia Counties have some of the most scenic routes and clusters of bridges, including several in the town of Montgomery.
    • Central Vermont – Washington and Windsor Counties offer plenty of bridges along with vibrant towns like Northfield, Montpelier, and Woodstock.
    • Southern Vermont – Bennington and Windham Counties feature some of the state’s most photographed bridges and are a great choice for travelers coming from Massachusetts, New York, or Connecticut.

    Pick the Best Time of Year

    Covered bridges are beautiful year-round, but the experience changes with the seasons.

    • Fall – Brilliant foliage frames the bridges in golds, oranges, and reds. This is the most popular season, so expect more visitors.
    • Summer – Long days and warm weather make it easy to fit in more stops.
    • Winter – A fresh layer of snow turns each bridge into a postcard scene.
    • Spring – Bridges near rivers and waterfalls can be especially dramatic during snowmelt.

    Map Your Route

    Once you have chosen your region, plot your route on Google Maps or a Vermont covered bridge map. The Vermont Covered Bridge Society and state tourism website offer helpful maps with locations and historical details. Group nearby bridges together to minimize driving time.

    Tips for Success

    • Start early to make the most of daylight hours.
    • Pack snacks, drinks, and a picnic blanket for scenic stops.
    • Include a mix of easy-access bridges and a few that require a short walk.
    • Keep a backup list in case a bridge is under construction or temporarily closed.

    Must-See Covered Bridges by Region

    While every covered bridge has its own charm, some stand out for their beauty, history, or location. Here are a few worth including in your challenge.

    Northern Vermont Highlights

    Comstock Bridge | Montgomery, Vermont
    • Fisher Railroad Bridge (Wolcott) – The only covered railroad bridge still in use in Vermont.
    • Montgomery’s Bridges – This small town boasts six historic covered bridges, including Hutchins, Comstock, Longley, Fuller, Creamery, and Hopkins. The proximity of these bridges makes Montgomery a top choice for maximizing your weekend count.

    Central Vermont Highlights

    • Northfield’s Trio – Slaughterhouse, Station, and Lower Cox bridges are all located within minutes of each other and make for an easy cluster stop.
    • Warren Covered Bridge – Located in the village of Warren, this bridge is especially pretty in fall and sits close to the historic Warren Store for a snack break.
    • Taftsville Covered Bridge (Woodstock) – One of Vermont’s oldest bridges, with a striking red exterior and scenic views of the Ottauquechee River.

    Southern Vermont Highlights

    • West Dummerston Covered Bridge – The longest covered bridge in Vermont, spanning 280 feet across the West River.
    • Bennington’s Trio – Silk Road, Paper Mill, and Burt Henry bridges are all within a short drive of one another, making them perfect for a quick tour.
    • Creamery Covered Bridge (Brattleboro) – A beautifully maintained bridge near downtown Brattleboro with picnic tables nearby.

    Making it More Than a Drive

    One of the best parts of the Covered Bridge Passport Challenge is the opportunity to explore beyond the bridges themselves. Incorporating other activities makes the weekend even more memorable.

    • Cafés and Bakeries – Stop for fresh pastries or coffee in small-town cafés. Local favorites often serve homemade treats you will not find anywhere else.
    • Farmers Markets – Many Vermont towns host weekend markets, especially in summer and fall, where you can find local produce, baked goods, and crafts.
    • Hiking and Walking Trails – Several bridges are near trailheads or riverside paths. Even a short walk can give you new photo perspectives.
    • Historic Sites – Pair bridge visits with stops at museums, historic homes, or scenic lookouts.

    Tips for Photographing Covered Bridges

    Capturing the perfect covered bridge photo can be an art in itself. Try these tips for standout images.

    • Take shots from multiple angles, including inside the bridge.
    • Use leading lines, such as the road or river, to draw the eye toward the bridge.
    • Visit in early morning or late afternoon for softer light.
    • In fall, use a wide frame to include colorful foliage.
    • In winter, look for fresh snow before footprints or tire tracks appear.

    Travel Tips for the Challenge

    Because some covered bridges are located on backroads, a few practical tips can make your trip smoother.

    • Keep a paper map or download offline maps in case cell service drops.
    • Drive slowly on unpaved roads to avoid damaging your vehicle and to be respectful of residents.
    • Watch for posted signs and avoid trespassing on private property.
    • Pack layers, especially in cooler months, since Vermont’s weather can change quickly.
    • Have a small cooler for local cheeses, maple treats, or drinks you pick up along the way.

    Sample Weekend Itineraries

    Here are two sample itineraries to inspire your own route.

    Emily’s Bridge | Stowe, Vermont

    Northern Vermont Loop

    • Start in Stowe and visit the Gold Brook Covered Bridge (also known as Emily’s Bridge).
    • Drive to Wolcott for the Fisher Railroad Bridge.
    • Head to Montgomery and see all six bridges in town.
    • End the day in Enosburg Falls for the Hopkins Bridge.

    Southern Vermont Loop

    • Begin in Bennington with the Silk Road, Paper Mill, and Burt Henry bridges.
    • Drive to West Dummerston Covered Bridge for a picnic lunch.
    • Stop at the Creamery Covered Bridge in Brattleboro before ending your day with a downtown dinner.

    Why the Challenge is Worth Taking

    The Covered Bridge Passport Challenge is more than a checklist. It is a way to connect with Vermont’s history, explore scenic backroads, and spend quality time with friends or family. Whether you visit five bridges or fifteen, the journey is the reward. Every stop offers a new view, a new piece of history, and a chance to slow down and appreciate the landscape.

    So grab your map, charge your camera, and set off on a weekend adventure. The only question is, how many covered bridges will you see?

  • Vermont Railroad History: The Rise and Fall of the Green Mountain Rail Network

    Vermont Railroad History: The Rise and Fall of the Green Mountain Rail Network

    When Trains Ruled the Green Mountains

    There was a time when the heartbeat of Vermont echoed with the rhythm of trains. Steam engines carved their way through mountain passes, small-town depots bustled with activity, and railcars carried everything from granite to tourists. Today, much of that vast network has disappeared, but the story of Vermont’s railroads is far from forgotten.

    This post explores how Vermont’s railroads rose to power, shaped communities, and eventually declined. Whether you’re a train enthusiast, a local Vermonter, or a visitor eager to understand the state’s hidden past, this is your ticket into one of Vermont’s most compelling chapters.

    Laying the Tracks: Railroads Come to Vermont

    In the early 1800s, Vermont was a land of forests, farms, and winding dirt roads. The arrival of the railroad transformed everything.

    The first major player was the Vermont Central Railroad, incorporated in 1843. Its original line connected Burlington to Windsor, bringing new opportunities to small towns across central Vermont. The Rutland & Burlington Railroad followed closely behind, helping to connect the Champlain Valley to southern New England markets.

    Railroads offered:

    • A faster, more reliable alternative to ox-drawn wagons and riverboats
    • New economic lifelines for isolated mountain communities
    • The ability to export Vermont’s granite, timber, dairy, and slate on a national scale

    But building the lines wasn’t easy. Vermont’s rugged terrain, harsh winters, and rocky soil made construction a costly and difficult task. Still, by the 1850s and 1860s, dozens of lines crisscrossed the state.

    The Golden Age of Rail: Commerce, Tourism, and Small-Town Life

    From the 1870s to the 1920s, railroads were at the center of Vermont life.

    For industry:

    • Logging camps deep in the Northeast Kingdom sent timber south via spur lines
    • Barre’s granite quarries used freight trains to ship monument stone across the country
    • Vermont dairy products made their way to Boston, New York, and beyond, fresh thanks to refrigerated cars

    For people:

    • Train travel made it easier for Vermonters to attend college, visit relatives, or move around the region
    • Immigrants and workers used the rail system to settle new areas and find employment
    • Small-town stations became central meeting spots, often doubling as general stores or post offices

    For tourism:

    The railroads were responsible for the first wave of Vermont tourism. Wealthy city dwellers from Boston and New York would board sleeping cars to escape to:

    • The cool air of the Green Mountains
    • Resort towns like Woodstock and Stowe
    • Grand hotels nestled near train stops

    This era cemented Vermont as a nature getaway long before the era of car camping or ski resorts.

    Competition and Consolidation: When the Railroads Changed Hands

    As the rail network grew, so did competition and complexity. Dozens of smaller lines found themselves unable to compete or maintain profitability.

    In response, larger players absorbed or leased smaller lines, including:

    • Central Vermont Railway, eventually controlled by the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada
    • Rutland Railroad, which expanded to serve Montreal, Boston, and New York connections
    • Boston and Maine Railroad, operating key routes in southeastern Vermont

    By the early 20th century, most of Vermont’s rail system was controlled by just a few major companies.

    This shift led to:

    • Increased efficiency on major freight lines
    • Decline of local service and branch lines
    • Greater Canadian influence, especially in northern Vermont

    Although trains were still moving plenty of goods and people, cracks had begun to show in the system.

    The Great Decline: Cars, Highways, and a Changing Economy

    From the 1930s onward, Vermont’s railroad empire began to shrink.

    Why the decline?

    1. Automobiles took over
      Cars gave people independence. Roads improved. Bus lines emerged. Passenger rail no longer held the monopoly on mobility.
    2. Trucking beat freight rail
      Trucks offered door-to-door delivery. This undercut freight lines, especially in rural Vermont.
    3. Airplanes changed long-distance travel
      Rail couldn’t compete with the speed of air travel for those heading beyond New England.
    4. Maintenance became costly
      Aging infrastructure, snow-clearing, and low ridership made branch lines unsustainable.

    By the 1950s:

    • Many small stations had closed
    • Passenger service was drastically reduced
    • The state began removing unused tracks and bridges

    In 1963, a strike by Rutland Railroad workers led to a dramatic collapse of the entire line. It was the final blow for much of Vermont’s rail infrastructure.

    What Remains Today: Traces of a Railroad Past

    While most of the empire has vanished, Vermont still carries traces of its railroading glory.

    Active train rides today:

    • Amtrak’s Vermonter travels daily between St. Albans and Washington, D.C., offering a scenic and practical ride through central Vermont towns like Essex Junction, Montpelier, and White River Junction
    • Amtrak’s Ethan Allen Express connects Burlington to New York City via Rutland and Albany, restored in 2022 after years of advocacy
    • Green Mountain Railroad operates seasonal scenic rides out of Chester and Burlington, with themed excursions during fall foliage, winter holidays, and special events

    Rail trails repurposing old lines:

    • Lamoille Valley Rail Trail follows the former St. Johnsbury & Lamoille County Railroad, eventually connecting St. Johnsbury to Swanton
    • Missisquoi Valley Rail Trail stretches from Richford to St. Albans along a peaceful, rural path
    • Delaware & Hudson Rail Trail runs through western Bennington County into New York, following a once-busy freight corridor

    Historic sites:

    • Many original depots have been restored or repurposed as museums, town halls, or local businesses
    • Granite Junction in Barre and the Bellows Falls tunnel remain major landmarks of Vermont’s freight history
    • Railroad festivals, model train clubs, and historical societies across the state continue to preserve and share rail culture

    These remnants offer a glimpse into the powerful role railroads once played in shaping Vermont’s communities.

    Stories from the Rails: Local Legends and Railroad Lore

    Ask a Vermonter over 70 about the railroad, and chances are you’ll get a story.

    Some of the most colorful tales include:

    • Bootlegging during Prohibition: Rumor has it that trains carried more than just freight during the 1920s. Remote flag stops and whistle signals were allegedly used for sneaky transfers of illicit alcohol.
    • Snowbound rescues: In towns like Island Pond and Randolph, locals tell of trains buried by snowdrifts for days, requiring massive plow engines or entire work crews to dig them out.
    • Haunted depots and rail tunnels: Legends swirl around spots like the abandoned tunnel in Northfield or the old Rutland roundhouse, now crumbling under time and myth.
    • Engineers and stationmasters as town heroes: Before the internet or even reliable phones, the man running the train or managing the depot was often the most connected and informed person in town.

    These stories aren’t just entertaining. They’re living history.

    A Future on the Tracks? Rail in Vermont Today and Tomorrow

    Although Vermont’s railroads may never return to their former size, there are signs of new life.

    Amtrak continues to serve the state, and recent infrastructure funding has led to upgrades and service restorations. The Ethan Allen Express now reaches Burlington, and interest in rail as a climate-conscious transportation option is growing.

    Freight rail quietly persists, especially in areas like Bellows Falls and Burlington’s waterfront, where trains still haul goods for local industries.

    Rail trails are booming, offering locals and tourists a way to explore the same scenic corridors that once moved steel and steam.

    Preservation groups and rail buffs work to restore stations, locomotives, and cabooses, keeping the spirit alive.

    Could we see more passenger rail? Possibly. Could we lose more freight service? That’s a risk too. But one thing is clear, Vermont’s rail history still has a role to play in shaping its future.

    More Than Just Tracks in the Woods

    The rise and fall of Vermont’s railroad empire tells us a lot about the state itself. It’s a story of ambition, innovation, resilience, and adaptation. It’s a reminder of how tightly knit our communities once were with the steel web of rail lines and how progress often comes with trade-offs.

    If you’re a tourist, consider taking a scenic ride or walking a rail trail. If you’re a local, maybe visit a depot museum or share a story with a younger Vermonter.

    And if you’re a train lover, keep chasing those echoes of the past. The tracks may be overgrown, but the legacy is still alive, rolling on in the memories, trails, and towns they helped build.

  • The Hidden History of Smugglers’ Notch: Bootleggers, the Embargo Act, and Vermont’s Most Rebellious Pass

    The Hidden History of Smugglers’ Notch: Bootleggers, the Embargo Act, and Vermont’s Most Rebellious Pass

    Tucked between the towering cliffs of Mount Mansfield and Spruce Peak lies one of Vermont’s most breathtaking drives and most legendary mountain passes: Smugglers’ Notch. Today, it’s known for jaw-dropping foliage, rugged hiking trails, and world-class skiing. But for those who pause long enough to look beyond the scenic views, the Notch has a far more rebellious past.

    For over two centuries, Smugglers’ Notch has lived up to its name, offering refuge to bootleggers, smugglers, and secretive travelers who knew exactly how to navigate its shadowy caves and narrow paths. From clandestine trade with Canada during Jefferson’s embargo to liquor runs during Prohibition, this natural corridor has hidden more than just wildlife.

    I’ve always seen the Notch as more than a pretty place. Its story is one of resistance, survival, and ingenuity. So let’s take a trip back in time and uncover the secrets that shaped Smugglers’ Notch.

    Scenic Route VT 108/Smugglers’ Notch – Autumn 2024

    What Makes Smugglers’ Notch So Perfect for Secrets?

    Before we dive into the smuggling tales, it helps to understand why this mountain pass was such a magnet for outlaws and traders.

    Smugglers’ Notch is a narrow passage in Lamoille County, just south of Jeffersonville and north of Stowe. It carves through Vermont’s highest peaks, with sheer rock walls that close in tightly around the road. Dense forests blanket the sides, and natural caves dot the landscape.

    In the early 1800s, there was no paved road here. What existed was little more than a rugged path. No matter the time period, Smugglers’ Notch has always been:

    • Hard to access
    • Easy to hide in
    • Difficult to patrol

    For those looking to move people or goods in secret, it offered the perfect setting.

    Trading in Defiance: Smuggling During the Embargo Act

    Our first stop on the timeline takes us to the early 1800s. President Thomas Jefferson passed the Embargo Act of 1807, effectively banning American trade with foreign nations. The goal was to punish Britain and France during the Napoleonic Wars. The result, however, was economic disaster for Vermont.

    Vermonters were used to doing business with their Canadian neighbors. Suddenly, that relationship was cut off by federal law. But Vermonters are nothing if not resourceful. Instead of sitting back, many turned to the Notch.

    Goods like:

    • Livestock
    • Timber
    • Furs
    • Whiskey
    • Canadian products like sugar and tea

    were packed on mule trains and slipped across the Canadian border under cover of darkness. The narrow trails through Smugglers’ Notch became a lifeline for the local economy.

    Many smugglers knew the caves by heart. They’d stash goods in the rock formations while waiting for the perfect moment to move them further south. Federal agents tried to crack down, but Vermont’s rough terrain and locals’ silence kept the trade alive.

    The Whisper of Freedom: Escaped Slaves and the Underground Railroad

    While less documented than other chapters, some local legends and oral histories suggest that Smugglers’ Notch may have served as a route for escaped slaves traveling north to freedom.

    Vermont abolished slavery in its 1777 constitution and was a stronghold of abolitionist sentiment. The geography of the state provided natural corridors for those making the journey to Canada. While most documented Underground Railroad activity in Vermont happened farther south and west, the remote and hard-to-monitor nature of the Notch raises the possibility that it offered a secondary escape route.

    Freedom seekers would have found protection in the same caves used by smugglers. Locals sympathetic to their cause may have passed along food, clothing, or directions. Whether used frequently or occasionally, this part of the Notch’s story speaks to Vermont’s long-standing role in resisting oppression.

    Booze, Bootleggers, and the Prohibition Era

    Fast forward to the 1920s, and Smugglers’ Notch earns its name all over again.

    Prohibition swept across the United States from 1920 to 1933, outlawing the production, importation, and sale of alcohol. Canada, however, had no such ban. So naturally, Vermonters saw opportunity.

    Liquor was purchased across the border and funneled through mountain passes like the Notch. The caves that once held furs or livestock now became storage units for Canadian whiskey. Bootleggers moved by foot, mule, or sleigh, depending on the season.

    Here’s what made the Notch ideal during Prohibition:

    • Limited access roads meant fewer law enforcement patrols
    • Local support from farmers and business owners
    • Countless hiding places in boulders, caves, and forests
    One of the many caves of Smugglers’ Notch

    Some stories tell of sleds with false bottoms, filled with booze and hay. Others mention tunnel systems beneath barns and taverns. One particularly popular tale describes a “phantom wagon” that would appear on moonlit nights, its driver cloaked and silent as he guided a load of barrels into the trees.

    Whether these stories are exaggerated or not, one thing is clear: the liquor flowed, and the Notch kept its secrets.

    Caves, Tunnels, and Tales Too Good to Be True

    Smugglers’ Notch is full of caves and crevices, many of which have names like Elephant’s Head and Bear’s Den. Some are accessible from trails. Others are harder to find unless you know exactly where to look.

    Over the decades, these natural features have attracted more than hikers. According to local lore, they’ve been used to:

    • Store contraband
    • Hide fugitives
    • Conduct secret meetings
    • Escape from pursuing agents

    Some believe there are still hidden stashes buried deep in the rock. Others speak of ghosts that haunt the Notch, especially after nightfall. These stories may not always be backed by documents, but they’ve become part of the culture surrounding the area.

    I believe legends often grow from seeds of truth. The terrain absolutely could support this kind of activity. Whether a particular cave held whiskey or not, the setting certainly lends itself to mystery.

    The Law vs. the Landscape

    So where were the authorities during all this?

    The answer lies in a mix of geography, logistics, and quiet resistance. In the 1800s and early 1900s, law enforcement had few resources to spare for the mountain wilderness. There were no drones, no GPS, and few roads. A determined smuggler on foot had the upper hand.

    Even when patrols were attempted, local residents rarely cooperated. Why would they? In many cases, these activities supported the local economy. Entire communities were built on trust and silence.

    Federal agents often faced obstacles like:

    • Locals tipping off smugglers
    • Winter storms making trails impassable
    • Multiple routes in and out of the Notch
    • Hidden storage spots impossible to search fully

    Some efforts were made, especially during Prohibition, but most ended in frustration. The truth is, the Notch won more battles than it lost when it came to secrecy.

    From Smuggling Trails to Hiking Trails

    By the mid-1900s, the need for secrecy faded, and the push for conservation and recreation began. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), part of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal programs in the 1930s, helped transform parts of Smugglers’ Notch into trails and public lands.

    What was once a smuggler’s paradise became:

    • A state park
    • A ski resort
    • A scenic drive popular during foliage season

    Today, the caves and narrow cliffs that once hid bootleggers now challenge rock climbers and delight curious hikers. The Notch Road (Route 108) is open seasonally to traffic, winding its way through some of the most dramatic mountain scenery in New England.

    And if you know where to look, you’ll still find plaques and markers nodding to the history beneath your feet.

    Why This History Matters

    It would be easy to overlook the Notch’s rebellious past in favor of its natural beauty. But doing so would miss the deeper meaning of this place.

    Smugglers’ Notch represents:

    • Vermont’s independent spirit
    • Resistance to federal overreach
    • Creative survival in hard times
    • Quiet defiance rooted in community

    Whether it was livestock during Jefferson’s embargo, whiskey during Prohibition, or people fleeing enslavement, the Notch played a role in protecting those willing to take a risk.

    Even today, locals take pride in that heritage. It’s why the ski resort isn’t just called “Notch Mountain” or “Mansfield Peaks.” The name “Smugglers’ Notch” keeps the stories alive.

    Visiting the Notch with History in Mind

    If you’re planning a trip to Smugglers’ Notch, consider exploring it through the lens of its past.

    Here are a few tips for historical-minded visitors:

    • Stop at the pull-offs along Route 108 to see the cliffs and boulders up close
    • Hike the Sterling Pond Trail and imagine how smugglers might have traveled through similar terrain
    Sterling Pond – Spring 2025

    Even if you don’t find a hidden whiskey barrel tucked in a cave, you’ll gain a much richer appreciation for what this mountain pass has witnessed.

    Final Thoughts: A Notch With More Than Just Scenic Views

    The next time you drive the winding road between Jeffersonville and Stowe, take a moment to picture what came before. Picture mule trains slipping through the trees. Picture bootleggers navigating the cliffs by lantern light. Picture freedom seekers finding a path north under the cover of night.

    Smugglers’ Notch is more than a beautiful mountain pass. It’s a living story about Vermont’s resistance, resourcefulness, and refusal to be tamed.

    And those secrets? Some of them might still be hiding in the rocks, just waiting to be uncovered.

  • Vermont’s Underground Railroad History: The Rokeby Museum, Secret Routes, and Local Abolitionists

    Vermont’s Underground Railroad History: The Rokeby Museum, Secret Routes, and Local Abolitionists

    When most people think of Vermont, they picture rolling hills, sugar shacks, and covered bridges. But beneath the idyllic scenery lies a powerful legacy of resistance and moral courage. Vermont was more than just a bystander in the era of slavery—it was a state of active defiance. During the height of the Underground Railroad, Vermont’s rugged landscape and fiercely independent spirit made it one of the most important corridors for freedom seekers en route to Canada.

    This post explores Vermont’s little-known role in the Underground Railroad. You’ll learn about the brave locals who defied the law, the homes and barns that became sanctuaries, and the historic sites you can still visit today.

    Why Vermont Became a Key Player in the Underground Railroad

    Several factors made Vermont a natural hub for antislavery activity.

    1. Geography:

    Vermont shares a border with Quebec, Canada, where slavery was illegal. This proximity made it a final stretch for many seeking freedom. Rural roads, thick forests, and hidden valleys provided ample cover for those traveling by foot or wagon.

    2. Early abolitionist roots:

    Vermont’s 1777 Constitution was the first in the nation to outlaw adult slavery. While it wasn’t a perfect abolitionist document, it laid the groundwork for Vermont’s future resistance to slavery.

    3. Local values:

    Vermonters have long valued self-governance, individual freedom, and moral responsibility. This spirit extended to the treatment of fugitive slaves. In many towns, helping an enslaved person escape was seen not only as just but as necessary.

    4. Religious influence:

    Quakers, Baptists, and other religious groups active in Vermont often spoke out strongly against slavery. Their homes and meetinghouses served as waystations on the Underground Railroad.

    Meet the Abolitionists: Vermont’s Local Heroes

    Though Vermont never saw massive battles or protests, the courage of individual Vermonters helped shape national change. Here are just a few of the people who made a difference.

    Lucius Bigelow (Craftsbury):

    A businessman and fervent abolitionist, Bigelow is believed to have used his home as a stop on the Underground Railroad. He helped organize anti-slavery meetings and encouraged local resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act.

    Rev. Joshua Young (Burlington):

    A Congregationalist minister, Young rose to national attention after he presided over the funeral of abolitionist John Brown. For many, honoring a man hanged for trying to free enslaved people was political suicide. Young lost many parishioners and nearly his career. Still, he stood firm in his beliefs.

    Rowland T. Robinson (Ferrisburgh):

    A devout Quaker and early abolitionist, Robinson and his family operated a farm that served as a documented stop on the Underground Railroad. He kept detailed records and openly supported civil rights. Today, his farm is preserved as the Rokeby Museum.

    Stephen Row Bradley (Westminster):

    A U.S. Senator and one of the early voices advocating for anti-slavery legislation. While not directly involved in the Underground Railroad, his influence in government helped Vermont become a safe state for freedom seekers.

    Secret Routes and Hidden Safe Houses

    Much of the Underground Railroad’s success relied on secrecy. Homes were used to hide escapees, but only those who were trusted and committed to the cause were involved. Many of these homes still stand today, though few are marked.

    Known and Believed Stops:

    • Ferrisburgh: Home to the Robinson family and part of a broader Quaker network.
    • Middlebury: Several faculty members at Middlebury College helped smuggle freedom seekers north.
    • Brattleboro: Its location near the Connecticut River made it a gateway town for those heading north.
    • Shaftsbury and Bennington: Quiet villages that gave cover to nighttime travelers.
    • Montpelier and Barre: Vermont’s capital region held pockets of resistance, especially among Protestant communities.

    Escape Routes:

    • Travel was typically done by foot or wagon, moving between farms at night.
    • Lake Champlain was used as a waterway route to Canada. In the winter, some crossed on foot when the lake froze.
    • Barns, basements, and hidden attic spaces offered brief but critical shelter.

    Because of the lack of written records and the need for secrecy, many routes remain speculative. However, oral history passed down by families and communities has helped piece together the story.

    Fighting Back Against the Fugitive Slave Act

    The 1850 Fugitive Slave Act made it a crime to assist escaped slaves, even in free states. This law enraged many Vermonters and galvanized the underground movement further.

    How Vermonters Resisted:

    • Public resistance: Citizens shamed and ostracized slave catchers who entered Vermont. Some were chased out of towns.
    • Legal loopholes: Vermont passed “Personal Liberty Laws” to counteract the Fugitive Slave Act. These laws aimed to delay or block extradition efforts through red tape and court procedures.
    • Vigilance committees: Formed in towns like Middlebury and Ferrisburgh, these groups coordinated safe passage and distributed funds to support fugitives.

    Helping a fugitive was risky. Families could face fines, arrest, or even violence. But for many Vermonters, protecting human freedom outweighed fear of the law.

    Where to See the History Today

    Want to experience this legacy for yourself? Several sites across Vermont have preserved this powerful history. Whether you’re planning a road trip or looking for an educational day out, these stops offer a window into the past.

    1. Rokeby Museum (Ferrisburgh)

    • One of the best-documented Underground Railroad sites in the country.
    • Explore the Robinson family home and farm, with exhibits on antislavery work, Quaker life, and more.
    • Offers seasonal tours and educational programs.

    2. Middlebury College

    • The campus has deep abolitionist roots.
    • While not a formal museum, the college has preserved letters and documents from faculty involved in antislavery work.
    • Worth a stop if you’re already exploring Middlebury’s downtown.

    3. Brattleboro Abolitionist Sites

    • Take a self-guided walking tour through historic homes and former factories.
    • Learn about how industry leaders in the area used their wealth to fight slavery.

    4. Burlington’s Historic Churches

    • Visit the First Congregational Church where Rev. Joshua Young once preached.
    • Several downtown buildings have plaques commemorating local abolitionists.

    5. Shaftsbury Historical Society

    • Explore a quieter but important part of the story.
    • Local historians can point you to known hiding places and original documents.

    Plan a Day in Abolitionist Vermont

    Want to build a meaningful itinerary around this history? Here’s one way to do it:

    Morning:

    • Start at Rokeby Museum in Ferrisburgh for a deep dive into the Underground Railroad.

    Lunch:

    • Grab a bite at a local café like 3 Squares Café in Vergennes or a historic inn nearby.

    Afternoon:

    • Head to Middlebury College or downtown Burlington to explore more sites.
    • Consider visiting Battery Park in Burlington, where speeches and protests took place during the Civil War era.

    Bonus:

    • If you’re feeling reflective, follow Route 7 north to the Canadian border. Freedom seekers would have made that same journey more than 150 years ago.

    Vermont’s Lasting Legacy of Freedom

    Vermont’s role in the Underground Railroad may not be as well known as Ohio’s or Pennsylvania’s, but it was just as important. It’s a story of farmers, teachers, preachers, and townsfolk who risked everything to do what was right.

    This legacy still echoes today. You’ll find it in our schools, where children learn about Vermont’s abolitionist past. You’ll see it in roadside markers and historical plaques. And if you look closely, you might just see it in the old barn beams and cellar doors of homes that once offered sanctuary.

    By learning about this hidden history, you’re helping keep these stories alive. And that’s what history should do—connect the past to the present, and remind us that even in the quietest corners, people have always stood up for what matters.

    Want to Keep Exploring?

    Check out more local history posts on Green Mountain Peaks, including:

    For more in-depth resources on Vermont’s abolitionist past, visit:

    • https://rokeby.org
    • Vermont Historical Society archives
    • Your local library’s Vermont Room

    And if you’re touring the state, be sure to take the scenic route, you never know what piece of hidden history you’ll stumble across.

  • Things to Do in Vermont on a Rainy Day: Museums, Breweries, Bookstores, and More

    Things to Do in Vermont on a Rainy Day: Museums, Breweries, Bookstores, and More

    If you’ve spent any amount of time in Vermont, you’ve probably learned one thing fast: the weather doesn’t always cooperate. You could wake up to sunshine and end the day in a thunderstorm, especially in the mountains. But that’s part of the charm. Vermonters don’t cancel their plans when it rains, they just pivot. Whether you’re a tourist visiting for the weekend or a local looking to salvage a soggy afternoon, there’s no shortage of ways to turn a dreary day into something memorable.

    Here’s how we locals turn gray skies into golden opportunities.

    Embrace Vermont’s Cozy Culture

    Rainy days in Vermont practically beg for a slower pace. Here’s how we lean in and get cozy.

    1. Duck into a Charming Bookstore or General Store

    Vermont is home to some of the coziest bookstores in New England. Curling up in a quiet corner with a good read is a perfectly acceptable way to spend an afternoon.

    Some local favorites:

    • Bear Pond Books in Montpelier, a downtown staple with strong local ties
    • The Galaxy Bookshop in Hardwick, a perfect stop before heading to the café across the street
    • Phoenix Books in Burlington and Essex, complete with reading nooks and local author displays

    If books aren’t your thing, you can’t go wrong with a local general store. Grab a cup of coffee, browse local goods, and chat with someone behind the counter. Try:

    • Willey’s Store in Greensboro
    • Farr’s Country Store in Chester
    • Vermont Country Store in Weston or Rockingham

    2. Hunker Down in a Café or Cider House

    Vermont knows how to do warm beverages right. When the rain starts falling, locals flock to small-town cafés with fresh baked goods, seasonal lattes, and good people-watching.

    Try one of these cozy favorites:

    • PK Coffee in Stowe for strong coffee and stronger pastries
    • Carrier Roasting Co. in Northfield, stylish and mellow with local flavor
    • Catalyst Coffee Bar in St. Albans, a community staple in a beautiful old bank building

    If you’d rather sip something a little stronger, consider a visit to a cider taproom. Rainy days pair beautifully with dry cider and live music.

    Top picks:

    • Stowe Cider, fun vibes and often live music even when it’s pouring
    • Citizen Cider in Burlington, indoor seating with a full kitchen and easy parking
    • Shacksbury Cider in Vergennes, offering unique flavors with rustic charm

    3. Indulge in Vermont Comfort Food

    Few things go better with rain than a steaming bowl of something cheesy or carb-heavy.

    Some go-to rainy day meals include:

    • Tomato soup and a grilled cheese made with Cabot cheddar
    • Mac and cheese from Prohibition Pig in Waterbury
    • Farm-fresh burgers or pulled pork at Worthy Burger in South Royalton
    • Soup and salad combos at The Scale in Hardwick or The Skinny Pancake (multiple locations)

    Indoor Fun That Still Feels Like Vermont

    Rain doesn’t mean you have to miss out on what makes Vermont special. You just need to look indoors.

    1. Visit a Distillery, Brewery, or Cheese Cave

    Plenty of Vermont’s producers offer indoor tastings, tours, and cozy spaces to enjoy their products.

    • Smugglers’ Notch Distillery, with tasting rooms in Jeffersonville, Stowe, Burlington, and more
    • Jasper Hill Cellars, where you can sample world-class cheeses in Greensboro
    • Hill Farmstead Brewery, known worldwide and worth the detour even in the rain

    Many of these locations offer flights, samples, and a chance to learn about the craft behind the product.

    2. Explore a Local Museum

    Vermont’s museums aren’t just for rainy days, but they sure come in handy when the forecast turns.

    Great picks include:

    • ECHO, Leahy Center for Lake Champlain in Burlington, part aquarium, part science museum
    • Shelburne Museum, with many indoor exhibits and galleries
    • Bennington Museum, famous for its Grandma Moses collection
    • Fairbanks Museum and Planetarium in St. Johnsbury for natural history and sky shows
    • Vermont History Center in Barre, a hidden gem for history lovers

    3. Go on a Scenic Drive Through Covered Bridges

    Rain doesn’t ruin the view, it just changes it. A covered bridge drive lets you enjoy the scenery from the comfort of your car, with the bonus of historic charm.

    Ideas for routes:

    • Montgomery, known as the Covered Bridge Capital of Vermont
    • Northfield, featuring several beautiful bridges in one compact area
    • Taftsville Bridge near Woodstock, one of the oldest in the state
    • Emily’s Bridge in Stowe, said to be haunted and even spookier on a rainy day

    Creative and Cultural Vermont Indoors

    For travelers or locals who want something hands-on or artsy, rainy days can be surprisingly inspiring.

    1. Take an Art or Pottery Workshop

    Many Vermont artists open their studios for short workshops or drop-in sessions.

    Try:

    • Mud Studio in Middlesex for wheel-throwing and hand-building classes
    • Artist in Residence in Enosburg Falls for changing exhibits and occasional classes
    • Frog Hollow Craft Center in Burlington for browsing or taking a class

    2. Browse Antique Shops and Artisan Markets

    There’s something about rainy weather that makes a good antique or craft store even better.

    Favorite stops:

    • Vermont Antique Mall in Quechee, massive and multi-vendor
    • Emporium in Barre, vintage, quirky, and packed with surprises
    • Artisan’s Hand in Montpelier, beautifully curated handmade art

    3. See a Show or Live Music

    Vermont’s performance scene is intimate and authentic. Check local listings for:

    • Lost Nation Theater in Montpelier
    • Spruce Peak Performing Arts Center in Stowe
    • Higher Ground in South Burlington for indie music and comedy

    Rainy Day Ideas with Kids

    If you’re traveling with little ones, a rainy day can feel like a challenge. But Vermont has plenty of family-friendly indoor options.

    1. Head to a Science Center or Aquarium

    • Montshire Museum of Science in Norwich with tons of hands-on exhibits
    • ECHO Center in Burlington for aquatic animals, science exhibits, and lake views even on a cloudy day

    2. Try Indoor Adventure or Recreation Centers

    Let them get their energy out indoors:

    • PetraCliffs in Burlington for indoor rock climbing
    • MetroRock in Essex with a full climbing gym and classes
    • Jay Peak’s Indoor Waterpark, a bit of a splurge but unbeatable for a rainy vacation day

    3. Visit a Maple Sugarhouse or Candy Store

    Many sugarhouses stay open year-round with indoor tours, demos, and maple tastings.

    Great options:

    • Bragg Farm Sugarhouse in East Montpelier
    • Morse Farm Maple Sugarworks in Montpelier
    • Maple Grove Museum in St. Johnsbury

    You can also stop into Lake Champlain Chocolates in Burlington for samples and hot chocolate.

    Make It a Self-Care Kind of Day

    Sometimes, the best thing to do on a rainy Vermont day is nothing too ambitious.

    1. Treat Yourself to a Vermont Spa Experience

    Spa days aren’t just for resorts. You’ll find local spots that offer massages, maple sugar scrubs, hot tubs, and even salt caves.

    Popular picks:

    • Topnotch Resort Spa in Stowe
    • The Spa at The Essex
    • Purple Sage in Middlebury for affordable treatments in a cozy setting

    2. Stay In and Make It Special

    If you’re staying in a rental, you can have a memorable rainy day with:

    • A puzzle and hot cider
    • A local cheese board with a bottle of Vermont wine
    • A movie marathon with Vermont-made popcorn and maple kettle corn
    • Trying a new recipe using King Arthur flour or maple syrup

    Pick up supplies from the co-op, pour a glass of wine, and let the world slow down.

    A Rainy Day Done Right in Vermont

    Rain in Vermont isn’t a setback. It’s just a different rhythm, one that locals are used to and often enjoy. Whether you’re relaxing in a café, exploring hidden museums, or uncovering small-town gems you might’ve missed on a sunny day, there’s something wonderfully cozy and Vermonty about embracing the clouds.

    Some of our best memories are made when plans change. So next time the skies open up, don’t panic. Just pivot.

    What’s your favorite rainy day Vermont spot? Let me know in the comments or tag me in your photos @greenmountainpeaks.

  • Best Picnic Spots in Vermont: State Parks, Lakefronts, Covered Bridges, and Hidden Gems

    Best Picnic Spots in Vermont: State Parks, Lakefronts, Covered Bridges, and Hidden Gems

    There’s something timeless about a good picnic. It’s a simple pleasure: great views, good food, and a little time to slow down and take in your surroundings. If you’re in Vermont, you’re already halfway there. As a lifelong local and outdoorsman, I’ve spent more afternoons than I can count hiking to ridgelines, paddling across still lakes, and rolling out a blanket beside some of the prettiest views in New England.

    This guide is for the folks looking to get outside and enjoy a scenic lunch in the fresh Vermont air. Whether you’re a local itching for a weekend escape, a couple looking for a romantic date spot, or a tourist hoping to eat your sandwich beside a waterfall, I’ve got you covered. Let’s dig into Vermont’s most scenic picnic spots, sorted by what kind of vibe you’re looking for.

    1. Best Mountain View Picnic Spots

    If your perfect picnic includes sweeping views of distant peaks and valleys, these mountaintop and hillside spots are for you.

    Mount Philo State Park (Charlotte)

    This is one of the most accessible mountain-top picnic spots in the state. You can either hike a gentle 1.9-mile loop or drive straight to the top. There’s a large grassy area, picnic tables, and incredible panoramic views of Lake Champlain and the Adirondacks. Great for sunsets too.

    Hogback Mountain (Marlboro)

    Right along Route 9, this former ski hill offers a 100-mile view and plenty of grassy areas to throw down a blanket. There’s a small gift shop with local goodies and a few picnic tables available. It’s never too crowded, and you’re just a few miles from Brattleboro if you need supplies.

    Prospect Rock (Manchester)

    Short but rewarding, the 1.5-mile hike to Prospect Rock leads to a ledge with a beautiful view of the Manchester Valley and Mount Equinox. While there aren’t official picnic tables, it’s a quiet spot where you can enjoy your lunch in peace.

    2. Lakefront and Riverbank Picnic Areas

    Waterfront picnics come with the bonus soundtrack of birdsong and lapping waves. Bring your swimsuit and make a day of it.

    Lake Elmore State Park (Elmore)

    This underrated gem has everything: a sandy beach, picnic tables, grills, and canoe rentals. The view across the lake toward Elmore Mountain is stunning. You can even hike up the fire tower before or after lunch.

    Crystal Lake State Park (Barton)

    A favorite among Northeast Kingdom locals, this lake is known for its clear water and peaceful setting. There’s a beach with changing rooms, picnic tables, and plenty of shade under big old pines. Great spot for families.

    North Beach Park (Burlington)

    Just minutes from downtown, this is Burlington’s go-to beach spot. It’s busier than the others, but the combination of sandy shoreline, grassy areas, and food vendors makes it a solid choice. Plus, there’s a paved bike path nearby for a post-picnic ride.

    Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge (Swanton)

    Looking for a quieter scene? This federally protected area on the Canadian border is a peaceful spot to picnic by the Missisquoi River. Bring your binoculars—this is one of the best birding spots in the state.

    3. Secluded & Hidden Gem Picnic Spots

    Want something a little more off the beaten path? These are my personal favorites for a quiet afternoon.

    Kettle Pond (Groton State Forest)

    Rent a canoe or hike in to one of the primitive lean-tos on the edge of Kettle Pond. You’ll be completely surrounded by forest, with loons calling in the distance. There are no picnic tables, but the rocky shoreline is perfect for a rugged, scenic lunch.

    Moose Bog (Island Pond)

    This tucked-away boardwalk loop near Wenlock Wildlife Management Area is magical. It’s one of the only places in Vermont where you can reliably spot boreal birds like gray jays and black-backed woodpeckers. It’s a short walk in, and you’ll want to bring your own seat or use a log for your picnic.

    Braintree Mountain Forest (Braintree)

    Locals know this as a great place for backcountry skiing in the winter, but it’s just as beautiful in summer. Hike up to one of the open ledges for your picnic and enjoy big-sky views with no crowds.

    4. Covered Bridges & Historic Charm Picnic Spots

    Nothing says “Vermont” like a covered bridge and a basket of snacks.

    Emily’s Bridge (Stowe)

    This spooky little covered bridge has a peaceful trail network nearby. It’s walking distance from town, but quiet enough that you can hear the brook babbling beneath your feet. There are no official picnic facilities, but plenty of flat rocks and grassy nooks to spread out.

    Thetford Covered Bridge Picnic Area (Thetford Center)

    Located right off Route 113, this one is an actual designated picnic area with a couple of tables and a lovely little river bend. In the fall, the foliage here is fantastic.

    Waitsfield Covered Bridge Green (Waitsfield)

    A classic Vermont village green by the Mad River. You’ll see kids swimming, farmers market tents, and families laying out checkered blankets. There are picnic tables and a walkable town center if you want to grab provisions.

    5. Family-Friendly Picnic Parks

    If you’ve got kids or just want easy access, these are great picks with plenty to do nearby.

    Oakledge Park (Burlington)

    Picnic areas, walking trails, a treehouse-style playground, and a rocky beach for swimming. This spot is easy to access and full of families during the summer months. There’s even an adaptive bike center nearby for rentals.

    Depot Park (St. Johnsbury)

    Right in the heart of town, this park has a splash pad, playground, and shade trees. Great for a quick lunch stop if you’re traveling through the Northeast Kingdom. There’s also an excellent natural history museum (Fairbanks Museum) right across the street.

    Wrightsville Beach (Montpelier)

    A local favorite just outside Montpelier. It’s not huge, but it has everything you need: paddleboard rentals, beach access, grassy picnic spots, and a mellow crowd.

    6. Fall Foliage Picnic Picks

    These spots come alive in late September and early October.

    Oxbow Park (Newbury)

    A quiet bend in the Connecticut River with massive maples that turn fire-red in the fall. There’s a small loop trail, picnic tables, and gorgeous river reflections when the leaves hit peak.

    Shelburne Farms Trails (Shelburne)

    Bring a backpack and walk one of the scenic trails that wind through meadows and woods, eventually reaching a quiet lakeside spot. This is one of the most photogenic places in Vermont during fall. You’ll need to pack everything out, as there are no tables or trash bins deep in the trail system.

    Mount Tom (Woodstock)

    You can hike or drive up to the summit for a picnic with panoramic views. Or, keep it easy and relax at the base near Billings Farm, where there are walking paths, grassy fields, and benches. Either way, you’ll be surrounded by fall color.

    7. What to Pack for a Vermont Picnic

    Preparation makes the difference between a good picnic and a great one.

    Essentials:

    • Blanket or lightweight folding chairs
    • Bug spray (especially near lakes or woods)
    • Sunscreen and a hat
    • Trash bags or reusable containers
    • Water bottles or thermos

    Vermont-Inspired Picnic Foods:

    • Sharp cheddar from Cabot or Shelburne Farms
    • Fresh bread from Red Hen or La Panciata
    • Maple cookies or maple kettle corn
    • Seasonal fruit like apples, blueberries, or strawberries
    • Local cider or lemonade
    • Hard cheese, salami, and pickles from local farms
    • For dessert: maple creemees or cider donuts

    8. Picnic Etiquette and Safety Tips

    A few reminders to help you picnic like a local:

    • Leave No Trace: Pack out all trash, food scraps, and recyclables. Even apple cores can attract wildlife.
    • Respect Wildlife: Don’t feed animals or chase birds. Keep a respectful distance.
    • Grilling Guidelines: Only grill in designated areas and never leave fires unattended.
    • Be Tick Smart: Stick to cleared areas and check yourself (and your dog) after visiting grassy or wooded spots.
    • Noise Awareness: Keep music low and be mindful of others who are there for peace and quiet.

    Final Thoughts: Where Will You Picnic First?

    Vermont is full of beautiful spots that make for the perfect picnic setting. Whether you’re lakeside with a fishing pole, up on a ledge watching hawks glide by, or sprawled out under a maple tree beside a covered bridge, there’s a special kind of joy in eating outside with a view.

    So grab a basket, pick your spot, and soak up everything our little corner of the world has to offer. And if you stumble on a new favorite picnic spot, don’t be afraid to share it. Or keep it a secret. That’s the Vermont way too.

    Looking for more ideas? Check out my guides to the best beginner hikes in Vermont and hidden waterfalls! Happy picnicking!

  • Best Places to Watch the Sunset in Vermont: Lake Champlain, Mount Mansfield, Hogback, and More

    Best Places to Watch the Sunset in Vermont: Lake Champlain, Mount Mansfield, Hogback, and More

    Vermont sunsets aren’t just pretty. They’re unforgettable. Locals know the moment golden hour hits, the mountains, lakes, and valleys turn into a canvas of purples, oranges, and deep blues that photos never quite do justice. Whether you’re a visitor catching your first Green Mountain evening or a lifelong Vermonter looking for a new favorite spot, chasing sunsets in Vermont is a hobby worth picking up.

    In this guide, we’ll walk you through the best places across the state to watch the sky light up, what to bring with you for a comfortable and memorable experience, and a few local tips to help you get the most out of your evening.


    Best Sunset Spots in Vermont by Region

    Northern Vermont

    Lake Champlain Waterfront (Burlington, Shelburne, and the Islands)

    If you only have time for one sunset in Vermont, make it here. The sun dips behind the Adirondack Mountains across the lake, casting reflections on the water and turning the sky into a layered masterpiece.

    • Top Spots: Burlington’s Waterfront Park, Oakledge Park, Shelburne Farms, Causeway Bike Path
    • Best Time: Summer and early fall
    • Local Tip: Bring a blanket, grab a creemee, and sit on the rocks at Oakledge

    Mount Mansfield Summit (Stowe)

    Whether you hike up or take the gondola, sunset at the top of Vermont’s tallest mountain is as breathtaking as it sounds. Clouds light up in every direction and the view spans from the Adirondacks to the White Mountains.

    • Access: Gondola (closed in winter) or Sunset Ridge Trail
    • Best Time: Late summer through early fall for foliage views
    • Local Tip: Start your hike with time to spare and pack a headlamp for the way down

    Jay Peak Lookouts (Jay)

    Less crowded but just as scenic, Jay Peak offers quiet and dramatic light as the sun sets behind northern ridges and forests.

    • Top Spot: The overlook by the ski resort access road
    • Best Time: Mid-summer when wildflowers bloom
    • Local Tip: Great place to bring a picnic and avoid the tourist crowds

    Central Vermont

    Hubbard Park Tower (Montpelier)

    A bit of a hidden gem, this stone observation tower offers panoramic views of the capital city and beyond. As the sun dips low, treetops catch the light, and the golden tones of the hills become magical.

    • Access: Short walk from the park’s upper parking lot
    • Best Time: Late spring and early fall
    • Local Tip: Bring binoculars and look for deer along the trail

    Knapp Pond (Reading/Cavendish area)

    Quiet, serene, and framed by forest, Knapp Pond is ideal for a peaceful, reflective sunset. You’ll often have it all to yourself.

    • Activities: Canoeing, fishing, or just sitting by the shore
    • Best Time: Summer evenings with mist over the water
    • Local Tip: Bring bug spray and stay after for stargazing

    Calvin Coolidge State Historic Site (Plymouth Notch)

    History meets scenery here, with rolling meadows and wide-open skies. The unobstructed westward view makes it a perfect place to watch the day end.

    • Best Time: Fall, when the site is especially scenic
    • Local Tip: Pair it with a visit to the museum or village during the day

    Southern Vermont

    Hogback Mountain Overlook (Wilmington)

    You can see for 100 miles on a clear day. This roadside stop along Route 9 is as easy-access as it gets and the perfect quick sunset detour.

    • Best Time: Year-round
    • Local Tip: Don’t miss the nearby gift shop and the fire tower hike for extra views

    Mount Equinox Skyline Drive (Manchester)

    Drive to the top of Mount Equinox for a view that feels like you’re floating. The Skyline Drive is the longest private toll road in the country and the summit is worth every twist in the road.

    • Access: Open seasonally, check for hours
    • Best Time: Peak foliage season or clear summer days
    • Local Tip: Time your drive to arrive at least 45 minutes before sunset

    Guilford Welcome Center Viewpoint (Guilford)

    It might be a rest stop, but locals know the view here is sneakily good. If you’re heading up I-91, make this your golden hour break.

    • Best Time: Spring through fall
    • Local Tip: Sit on the grass behind the building for the best view

    Champlain Islands

    South Hero & Grand Isle Shorelines

    The islands are sunset central. Water on both sides, quiet stretches of road, and endless sky make it a top choice for romantic evenings and peaceful solo outings.

    • Top Spots: Sunset View Road in South Hero, Grand Isle State Park
    • Best Time: Summer and early fall
    • Local Tip: Grab apples at Hackett’s Orchard or wine at Snow Farm Vineyard to enjoy while watching

    Sunset Essentials: What to Pack

    You don’t need much, but the right gear can make a good sunset outing into a great one.

    Comfort & Warmth

    • Blanket, quilt, or camp chair
    • A light jacket or sweater (yes, even in July)
    • Bug spray and sunscreen
    • Headlamp or flashlight if hiking

    Food & Drink

    • Local snacks like Vermont cheddar, apples, maple kettle corn
    • Cider, seltzer, or a small bottle from a local distillery (check rules if in a state park)
    • Thermos of coffee, hot tea, or cocoa if it’s chilly

    Extras

    • Camera or phone (but remember to look up from the screen)
    • Tripod for serious photography
    • A small trash bag to pack out anything you bring in
    • Notebook or book if you want quiet time while waiting for the show

    Tips

    A sunset is more than the moment the sun dips below the horizon. The sky continues to shift for up to 30 minutes after. Here’s how to make the most of it:

    • Check the time: Google “sunset time [town]” and arrive 30 to 45 minutes early
    • Face west: Obvious, but easy to overlook. Open landscapes give you the best results
    • Stay after: The colors deepen after official sunset
    • Skip the crowds: Opt for lesser-known overlooks and back roads during peak foliage
    • Check the clouds: A partly cloudy evening usually makes for the best sunsets

    Seasonal Sunset Ideas

    Spring

    • Sunset comes earlier, and the air still feels crisp
    • Look for peaceful spots like ponds and pastures coming back to life

    Summer

    • Long days, late sunsets, and the perfect excuse for a post-dinner drive
    • Pack a citronella candle and stay for fireflies

    Fall

    • This is when sunsets go full drama
    • The sky blazes against red and gold leaves
    • Try spots at higher elevation like Hogback or Mount Mansfield

    Winter

    • Sunset comes early and quick
    • Snow reflects the color in a way that feels surreal
    • Pack cocoa, warm boots, and a blanket for a quiet drive to a scenic overlook

    Vermont Sunsets Are Worth the Planning

    Watching the sun go down in Vermont isn’t just a pretty moment. It’s a reset button. Whether you’re on a mountain peak, beside a quiet lake, or sitting on the back of your truck with someone you love, Vermont gives you front-row seats to nature’s show.

    So pack a blanket, grab some local snacks, and chase that glow. And if you find a hidden gem sunset spot, keep it close or share it with a fellow sunset chaser.

  • Vermont Waterfalls and Hiking Trails: Interactive Maps to Plan Your Next Adventure

    Vermont Waterfalls and Hiking Trails: Interactive Maps to Plan Your Next Adventure

    Looking to explore Vermont without spending hours scrolling through travel blogs or flipping through outdated guidebooks? I’ve made it easy. If you’re planning a trip, live here year-round, or just want to find a new place to stretch your legs, check out the two new map pages on Green Mountain Peaks: one for waterfalls and one for hiking.

    These pages aren’t packed with photos or writeups (yet), but they’ll help you get where you want to go. Each one is a simple, a map with pins for some of the best natural spots in Vermont.

    No fluff or filler, only quick access to great places.

    What’s on the Waterfalls Page

    Vermont has hundreds of waterfalls, but the map focuses on the most popular and accessible ones. These are the spots people return to every year and recommend to friends. Most are either a quick walk from the road or a short hike into the woods. Some have swimming holes. Some are great for fall photos. A few are worth the trip just for the peaceful vibe.

    If you’re someone who plans your adventures around water, you’ll want to head over to the Waterfalls Map page.

    What’s on the Hiking Page

    There are plenty of lists out there claiming to rank the best hikes in Vermont, but most don’t give you a way to actually see where they are, this one does.

    You’ll find everything from easier family-friendly walks to challenging peaks with sweeping views.

    There’s not a writeup for each one yet, but the map gets you started. You can find it here: Hiking Map

    Why I Made These Pages

    I kept running into the same issue while trying to plan my own weekend adventures: too many articles, not enough clarity. I honestly didn’t want to read an entire article words about someone’s favorite boots to find out where the trail is. I just wanted to know where to go and how to get there.

    So I made these pages for people like me. They’re not fancy, but they’re useful. And over time, I’ll keep adding more info, more pins, and maybe a few notes about each spot.

    Use the Maps. Get Outside. Keep it Simple.

    That’s the goal, just two straightforward maps to help you find good places to go when you want to be outside.

    Check out the pages here:

    → Best Waterfalls in Vermont

    → Top Hiking Trails in Vermont

    And if you have a favorite spot I missed, feel free to send it my way! I’m always looking for a new adventure.

  • Ethan Allen: The Man Who Led the Green Mountain Boys and Captured Fort Ticonderoga

    Ethan Allen: The Man Who Led the Green Mountain Boys and Captured Fort Ticonderoga

    A Short History of Ethan Allen (And Why He’s Everywhere in Vermont)

    If you’ve spent any time in Vermont, you’ve probably noticed a name that keeps popping up: Ethan Allen. There’s the Ethan Allen Homestead. Ethan Allen Park. Fort Ethan Allen. And of course, the famous Ethan Allen furniture company. But who was this man, and why is he still such a big deal in the Green Mountain State?

    I think the better question is: how could he not be everywhere? Ethan Allen wasn’t just a Revolutionary War figure. He helped shape the identity of Vermont itself—fiery, independent, and a little unruly. So let’s dive into a short but rich history of the man behind the myth, and explore why his legacy is alive and well all across the state.

    Who Was Ethan Allen?

    Ethan Allen was born in 1738 in Litchfield, Connecticut, and grew up on the edge of the New England frontier. He was never one for rules, schools, or staying in line. After some time trying to make a name for himself in ironworking, philosophy, and land speculation, he made his way to what was then the New Hampshire Grants—a patch of territory that would later become Vermont.

    That’s where things really took off.

    • Birthplace: Litchfield, Connecticut
    • Moved to Vermont: Early 1760s
    • Famous for: Founding the Green Mountain Boys, seizing Fort Ticonderoga, promoting Vermont’s independence
    • Character traits: Brash, bold, defiant, passionate about liberty (and land)

    Allen was the kind of person who would make enemies fast, but he also made loyal friends. He stood out not just for his military exploits, but for his outspokenness, radical ideas, and larger-than-life personality.

    The New York Land Dispute: Ethan Allen’s Origin Story

    To understand why Ethan Allen became a local legend, you need to start with a land dispute that shaped the entire region. In the mid-1700s, both New Hampshire and New York claimed the area that is now Vermont. New Hampshire had issued land grants to settlers, but New York came in later and said those grants were invalid. They tried to force settlers to buy their land all over again, now at a higher price.

    Enter Ethan Allen.

    • His stake: Allen had family and personal claims to land under the New Hampshire grants
    • His mission: Defend those land claims against New York authorities
    • His weapon of choice: A militia known as the Green Mountain Boys

    The Green Mountain Boys were a rowdy, semi-official militia that resisted New York’s control, sometimes with violence. They roughed up sheriffs, destroyed court documents, and made it known that “Yorkers” (people siding with New York) weren’t welcome. To many outsiders, they were little more than lawless rebels. But to settlers in Vermont, they were heroes defending their homes.

    Fort Ticonderoga: The Peak of Ethan Allen’s Glory

    Ethan Allen’s name became known far beyond Vermont in May 1775 when he led a surprise raid on Fort Ticonderoga alongside Benedict Arnold. The fort, located on Lake Champlain, was lightly defended by the British. In the early morning hours, Allen and his Green Mountain Boys stormed the fort and took it without firing a shot.

    What made the moment legendary was Allen’s reported demand:

    “In the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress!”

    While historians debate whether he actually said those words, the story stuck. The victory gave the Continental Army much-needed artillery, which would later be used to drive the British out of Boston. It was one of the first American victories of the Revolutionary War.

    • Date: May 10, 1775
    • Significance: Boosted morale and secured cannons for the revolution
    • Mythology: Helped cement Allen as a Revolutionary War hero

    For many Vermonters, Fort Ticonderoga is where Allen moved from local rabble-rouser to national figure.

    Ethan Allen the Politician and Philosopher

    Allen’s life after the Fort Ticonderoga raid was a whirlwind.

    Shortly after the victory, he tried to capture Montreal but was taken prisoner and shipped off to England. He spent nearly three years in captivity before being released in a prisoner exchange. When he returned, Vermont was still not a recognized state. In fact, it was trying to become its own independent republic.

    Allen got heavily involved in this effort. He lobbied for Vermont to be recognized as a separate state, but when Congress dragged its feet, he explored more controversial options.

    One of the biggest eyebrow-raisers in his career was the Haldimand Affair, where he and others secretly negotiated with the British about possibly making Vermont a British province if independence wasn’t recognized. Though the plan never materialized, it added to Allen’s reputation as someone willing to bend the rules for what he believed was right.

    He also turned to writing, publishing works like:

    • “Reason: The Only Oracle of Man” (1785)
    • A bold defense of deism and Enlightenment values
    • Rejected organized religion, promoted logic and reason
    • Largely ignored in its time, but considered radical and ahead of its era

    Why Ethan Allen Is Everywhere in Vermont Today

    There are few figures as thoroughly woven into the identity of a U.S. state as Ethan Allen is to Vermont. His name is emblazoned across parks, schools, businesses, and neighborhoods. But why?

    1. Symbol of Independence

    Allen’s leadership during the fight against New York and the British represents Vermont’s long-standing love of autonomy. Vermont was its own republic for 14 years before joining the Union in 1791.

    2. Local Hero Status

    Whether or not every detail of his life is praiseworthy, his legacy as a bold, take-no-prisoners leader appeals to Vermonters’ appreciation for grit and tenacity.

    3. Brand Recognition

    The Ethan Allen furniture company, founded by one of Allen’s descendants, helped turn the name into a national brand, further spreading his legacy (and some confusion along with it).

    4. Tourist Appeal

    Monuments and historic sites connected to Allen are some of the most-visited Revolutionary War spots in the state.

    Where to Learn More (and Walk in His Footsteps)

    If you’re visiting Vermont and want to dig deeper into Ethan Allen’s story, here are some places to check out:

    Ethan Allen Homestead Museum – Burlington

    Located on the site where Allen lived in his later years. Features a restored colonial home, museum exhibits, and walking trails.

    Fort Ethan Allen Historic District – Colchester and Winooski

    Originally a military post from the late 1800s named in his honor. Today, the area is filled with preserved architecture and historical markers.

    Ethan Allen Park – Burlington

    Offers a scenic overlook of Lake Champlain and a monument to Allen. Great for a picnic or sunset photo.

    Greenmount Cemetery – Burlington

    Allen’s burial site includes a tall monument and interpretive signage. A quiet, reflective place to pay respects.

    Fort Ticonderoga – Just over the border in New York

    While technically not in Vermont, it’s worth the short drive. Offers tours, reenactments, and a deeper look at Allen’s most famous military feat.

    Final Thoughts: The Complicated Charm of Ethan Allen

    Ethan Allen wasn’t perfect. He could be reckless, self-serving, and a bit of a showman. But he was also brilliant, fiercely loyal to his people, and unshakably committed to liberty—even if he defined it in his own unconventional way.

    That contradiction is part of what makes him such a compelling figure. And it’s part of why Vermonters still claim him as their own.

    Today, when you see his name on a bottle of local cider or etched into a stone monument, you’re not just looking at a historical figure. You’re seeing a symbol of what Vermont has always stood for—independence, resilience, and a little rebellion now and then.

    Planning a Trip?

    Don’t forget to include the Ethan Allen Homestead on your Vermont itinerary. And if you’re looking to understand what makes Vermont tick, Ethan Allen is a great place to start!

  • Weird Laws in Vermont That Are Actually Real (And a Few That Aren’t)

    Weird Laws in Vermont That Are Actually Real (And a Few That Aren’t)

    Vermont has always marched to the beat of its own drum. From banning billboards to letting towns govern themselves with near-total autonomy, this little state in the Northeast is filled with quirks that reflect its fiercely independent spirit. And nowhere is that more evident than in its laws. While many have been updated or repealed over time, some strange ones are still on the books, technically speaking. As a lifelong Vermonter, I’ve heard my fair share of oddball legal trivia, but even I was surprised by a few of these.

    Some are funny, some are rooted in real history, and some are just so Vermont it hurts. Whether you’re a curious local or a history-loving tourist, here are some of the strangest laws still lingering in the Green Mountain State.

    What Counts as a “Weird Law”?

    Let’s start by clearing something up. When we say a law is “still on the books,” it usually means it hasn’t been formally repealed or overwritten by newer legislation. That doesn’t necessarily mean it’s being enforced. Think of these as legal leftovers, often forgotten, sometimes debated, but always entertaining. Vermont has had centuries of lawmaking, and not everything has aged gracefully.

    Vermont’s Funniest and Most Bizarre Laws

    1. No Whistling Underwater

    This one makes the rounds on lists of weird laws, but don’t go digging through state statutes trying to find it. It’s almost certainly an urban legend, but it pops up often enough that it deserves a mention. The visual alone is worth it.

    2. Don’t Tie a Giraffe to a Telephone Pole

    Another favorite among online weird law lists, but again, there’s no actual evidence of this one existing in Vermont law. Still, it shows how easily quirky ideas get attached to a place like Vermont, where local ordinances can be unusually specific.

    3. It’s Illegal to Deny the Existence of God (VT Constitution, Chapter I, Article III)

    Now here’s one that is real. The Vermont Constitution contains language stating that officeholders must believe in a Supreme Being. Of course, this contradicts federal constitutional protections for religious freedom and has no practical bearing today, but the language is still technically there. It’s a historical relic from the 18th century, when many states had similar religious requirements.

    4. Towns Can Require Residents to Own a Firearm

    While not a statewide mandate, Vermont towns have had significant control over their own regulations, including historical militia-style laws. There’s no current requirement, but the local governance structure in Vermont once allowed for such ordinances. This reflects Vermont’s longstanding gun-friendly culture and its strong tradition of individual rights.

    5. Public Dancing Was Prohibited on Sundays

    Blue laws were a real thing in Vermont, just like in many other parts of the country. In some areas, public dancing and other leisure activities were restricted on Sundays for religious reasons. While most of these laws have been repealed or ignored into obsolescence, a few still pop up in local ordinances or town histories.

    6. Margarine Was Required to Be Dyed Pink

    This one is not just weird, it’s very real. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Vermont took its dairy seriously. So seriously, in fact, that margarine had to be dyed pink to distinguish it from butter. The goal? Protect the dairy industry from cheaper competition. Pink margarine wasn’t exactly flying off the shelves, and that was the point.

    7. Billboards Are Illegal

    Unlike many of the other laws on this list, this one is actively enforced. Vermont banned billboards in 1968 as a way to preserve scenic beauty and resist corporate intrusion. The law is a source of pride for many Vermonters, and it contributes to the state’s uniquely uncluttered roadsides. If you’ve ever driven through Vermont and thought it felt more peaceful, this law is part of the reason.

    8. You Can Legally Cross a Solid Yellow Line to Pass

    This one shocks a lot of visitors. In Vermont, it is not illegal to cross a solid yellow line to pass a slower-moving vehicle, as long as it’s safe to do so. The yellow line is advisory, not a strict prohibition. This law fits perfectly with Vermont’s trust in individual judgment and practical rural road etiquette. Just don’t try it on a blind curve.

    Local Bylaws That’ll Make You Do a Double Take

    One thing that makes Vermont unique is the level of autonomy granted to towns. That local control means some very specific, very strange laws exist in pockets around the state.

    • Montpelier and house colors: At one point, Montpelier debated regulating what colors residents could paint their homes, particularly in historic districts.
    • Shelburne and yard signs: Shelburne once proposed limiting the number and type of yard signs, sparking debates about free speech.
    • Livestock leash laws: In rural towns, don’t be surprised to find laws requiring pigs to be fenced in or even wear bells. Some of these still exist in outdated town bylaws.

    These local rules often reflect real concerns from another era but feel humorous today. Still, some are technically active, so it’s best to double-check your town’s regulations before installing a goat trampoline or neon-pink fence.

    Why These Laws Haven’t Been Repealed

    You might wonder, why don’t we just get rid of them? A few reasons:

    • Lack of urgency: If no one’s enforcing it, repealing it usually isn’t a priority.
    • Historical preservation: Some laws remain for symbolic or archival reasons.
    • Bureaucratic inertia: Repealing laws takes time, paperwork, and political will.

    And honestly? Some folks think they add character. In a state like Vermont, where independence and tradition matter deeply, even outdated laws can have a certain charm.

    How Vermont Compares to Other States

    Every state has its share of weird laws. Maine supposedly bans parking in front of Dunkin Donuts. In New Hampshire, it’s illegal to collect seaweed at night. Compared to those, Vermont’s oddities are mostly about tradition and independence rather than pure absurdity. What sets Vermont apart is that many of its “weird” laws have roots in real values: localism, agriculture, privacy, and practicality.

    Celebrate the Quirks

    From pink margarine to solid yellow lines, Vermont’s legal history is filled with unexpected surprises. Some of these laws are funny, some are outdated, and some are still shaping how we live today. But all of them tell a story about who we are as a state.

    Got a weird law from your Vermont town? Share it in the comments or send me a message. I’d love to dig into it. And if you enjoyed this little legal time capsule, stick around. There’s plenty more Vermont history and trivia where that came from.

Green Mountain Peaks

Discover Vermont, One Story at a Time.

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